DIstributed Operating system

Distributed Operating System

Have you ever heard about Software? 

No?, I will tell you. Software is the collection of computer instructions that tell the computer how to work!

One of the example of Software is Operating System. In short we also called it as OS. So what the Operating System is?

In technical terms, Operating System is the intermediate between user (those who are using computer) and hardware (Processor, GPU etc.). For Example - Windows, Linux, Mac OS etc.

So, there is a type of Operating System known as Distributed OS which is widely used in today's world !!

Distributed Operating System

As the name suggests it is distributed. That it is not Centralized but distributed. 
In Centralized System, all your data is stored in a single computer. In other words, that all the tasks are accomplished by one computer. So, it is simpler, easier to understand & can be faster for a single user. For Example - you have a word document and you want to save it. In Centralized system you saved it in your computer. If your computer crashes your file will also be lost.
But in Distributed System, your computer state is divided over multiple computers i.e distributed system is the collection of autonomous(Independent) computers which are connected via a network and capable of collaborating a task. This type of system is more robust(it can tolerate more failures), more scalable, more complex. Due to it's complexity this system is becoming more popular in today's world.
For example - you can save your data in different computers and can access it via network.

Let's take a example of big companies like Google, Facebook. These companies get billions of request from clients everyday. So if one computer will handle all those requests will get crash after sometime. Due to this problem, a new concept of distributed systems arrives. In which different computers(having different processors, memory) are connected in a network and access each others data to accomplish a task or a request from clients. As it balances the load on a server so, this technique also known as load-balancing. That many computers are act like one giant server.

Advantages:

1. Failure of one node will not affect whole network.

2. Delay in data processing reduces

3. As resources are shared s computation become faster

4. Load on host computer reduces

Disadvantages: 

1. Failure of main network will stop entire communication.

Some Examples:
1. Domain Name System (DNS)
2. Facebook & Google use distributed system extensively
3. Email Servers (SMTP)
4. Phone networks (Landline & Cellular)
5. Airplane